Learn more about Chrysostom

Introduction to Chrysostom

The name “Chrysostom” is a title rather than a personal name, derived from the Greek word Chrysostomos (Χρυσόστομος), meaning “golden-mouthed.” It was given as an honorific to John Chrysostom, one of the most significant early Church Fathers, known for his eloquent preaching and teaching. He lived from approximately AD 349 to 407 and served as Archbishop of Constantinople. His theological insights, homiletical excellence, and moral rigor made him one of the most prominent figures in the early Christian church, particularly within the Eastern Orthodox, Roman Catholic, and Anglican traditions.

Chrysostom Pronunciation

“Chrysostom” is pronounced as KRIS-uh-stuhm, with the emphasis on the first syllable. The name comes from the Greek words chrysos (gold) and stoma (mouth), hence “golden mouth.”

Chrysostom in Christian History

John Chrysostom is not mentioned in the Bible, but his impact on the interpretation of Scripture and the development of Christian doctrine is profound. He is best known for his:

• Preaching and Homilies: John Chrysostom preached through entire books of the Bible, offering verse-by-verse expositions that became foundational in Christian exegesis. His sermons on Matthew, Acts, Romans, and Hebrews remain influential.
• Moral Reform: He was an outspoken critic of moral decay, especially among the wealthy and the clergy. He often addressed the responsibilities of Christian living with passionate conviction.
• Archbishop of Constantinople: He served from 398 to 404 AD, during which time he reformed the clergy, attacked corruption, and challenged the opulence of the imperial court. These actions led to his eventual exile.
• Contribution to Liturgy: The “Divine Liturgy of St. John Chrysostom” remains the most celebrated Eucharistic service in the Eastern Orthodox Church.

Writings of Chrysostom

John Chrysostom authored a vast body of work that includes homilies, letters, and treatises. Some of the key texts include:

• Homilies on Genesis, Matthew, and Romans: These are exemplary for their detailed exposition and moral applications.
• On the Priesthood (De Sacerdotio): A treatise discussing the high calling of pastoral ministry, which is still read in seminaries today.
• Letters from Exile: These reflect both his deep personal suffering and his unwavering faith.

Related Themes and Meanings to Chrysostom

The name and legacy of Chrysostom are connected to several important Christian themes:

• Homiletics: Chrysostom is considered the patron of preachers and one of the greatest Christian orators in history.
• Biblical Exegesis: He exemplified the Antiochene tradition of literal-historical interpretation, balancing theological insight with practical application.
• Christian Ethics: His preaching emphasized repentance, charity, humility, and the imitation of Christ in everyday life.
• Church Reform: He championed the spiritual integrity of the Church over political or worldly influence.

Chrysostom’s Legacy

John Chrysostom was posthumously recognized as a Doctor of the Church in the West and one of the “Three Holy Hierarchs” in the East (along with Basil the Great and Gregory Nazianzus). His feast day is celebrated:

• September 13 in the Eastern Orthodox Church
• January 27 in the Roman Catholic Church (transfer of relics)
• September 14 in the Anglican Communion

Trivia and Interesting Facts about Chrysostom

• His nickname “Golden Mouth” (Chrysostomos) was given to him posthumously because of his reputation for eloquent preaching.
• He died in exile in Comana (modern-day Turkey) after being forced to leave Constantinople due to his conflicts with Empress Eudoxia and others.
• His relics were returned to Constantinople in 438 AD with great ceremony, marking his posthumous rehabilitation.
• His works have been more preserved than those of any other Greek Father, except possibly Origen.